The ocular manifestations of novel coronavirus: A literature review
Keywords:
ocular manifestations, SARS-CoV-2, ocular inflammation, coronavirus, mucormycosis, COVID 19 vaccinationAbstract
Apart from the systemic cardinal symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, headache, and diarrhea, ocular symptoms have gained much importance during the peak hours of the COVID pandemic. Since an exposed ocular surface can act as a gateway for various respiratory viruses, there is an increased interest in exploring the ocular route of transmission and viral RNA detection in ocular fluids. Moreover, the ocular surface can also share some common viral binding receptors. A large number of case reports and observational studies have been published so far reporting anterior, posterior, orbital, and neurological complications of the eye and orbit. Ocular complications can range from mild self-limiting pathologies such as conjunctivitis, episcleritis, and retinal cotton wool spots to severe blinding pathologies such as mucormycosis, retinal vessel occlusions, candida retinitis, and optic neuritis. There is an increased risk of corneal graft rejection and reactivation of certain microorganisms post severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. The present narrative review provides a brief overview of the current literature and an in-depth understanding of the ocular implications of SARS-CoV-2.
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